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Primary Cells

Human Alveolar Macrophages

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Human Alveolar macrophages are mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs. They ingest small inhaled particles resulting in the degradation, clearance and presentation of the antigen to adaptive immune cells. The alveolar macrophage stands as the guardian of the alveolar–blood interface, serving as the front line of cellular defense against respiratory pathogens. Alveolar […]
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Home | Primary Cells | Human Primary Cells | Respiratory System Primary Cells | Human Alveolar Macrophages
Species

Human
Cat.No

ABC-H0034X
Quality Control

All cell lots test negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, yeast, fungi, and other pathogens.
Product Category Primary Cells
Size/Quantity

1 vial
Cell Type

Macrophage
Shipping Info

Dry Ice
Growth Conditions

37 ℃, 5% CO2
Source Organ

Alveolar
Disease

Normal/Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Biosafety Level

1
Storage

Liquid Nitrogen
Product Type

Pulmonary Cells
Key Features

– Backed by AcceGen advanced technology

– Cryopreserved for highest viability and plating efficiency

– Quality-guaranteed for accurate results

– Timely technical support for best experimental outcomes

Description

Human Alveolar Macrophages are terminally differentiated, non-proliferative primary cells typically isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of healthy donors or patients with lung diseases. They reside in the lung parenchyma, guarding the alveolar-blood barrier by scavenging pathogens, particles, and pollutants. These mononuclear phagocytes exhibit an irregular, flattened morphology and adhere to culture vessels, often requiring M-CSF or GM-CSF for in vitro viability. They secrete cytokines and chemokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β to initiate inflammation and recruit neutrophils, and phagocytose apoptotic or necrotic cells. Alveolar macrophages express markers like CD68, CD11c, and CD206. Their functional responses are mediated through receptors like TLR4, activating NF-κB signaling. Phenotypic shifts occur in disease states—e.g., an M2-like profile in asthma.

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Citation

When you publish your research, please cite our product as “AcceGen Biotech Cat.# XXX-0000”. In return, we’ll give you a $100 coupon. Simply click here and submit your paper’s PubMed ID (PMID).

Laurent, Paôline et al. “Sensing of SARS-CoV-2 by pDCs and their subsequent production of IFN-I contribute to macrophage-induced cytokine storm during COVID-19.” Science immunology vol. 7,75 (2022): eadd4906. doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.add4906

Application

  • Human Alveolar Macrophages can be used as an in vitro model to study lung immune mechanisms, pathogen-host interactions and intercellular communication, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the initiation and regulation of lung innate immunity and adaptive immunity. These cells can also be used to explore the pathogenesis of lung diseases (such as pneumonia, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and further understand the functional changes of macrophages in these diseases.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • What are Human Alveolar Macrophages?

    Human Alveolar Macrophages are specialized immune cells derived from the lung’s alveolar spaces. They play a critical role in the innate immune defense system by engulfing and digesting pathogens, cellular debris, and foreign particles inhaled into the lungs. These cells are crucial for maintaining pulmonary homeostasis and responding to respiratory infections.

  • What is the process for isolating Human Alveolar Macrophages?

    Human Alveolar Macrophages are typically isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained during bronchoscopy procedures. The lavage fluid is centrifuged to separate the cells, which are then purified using techniques such as adhesion to plastic surfaces or gradient centrifugation to enrich the macrophage population. These cells can be cultured for research purposes, providing a model to study lung immunity and disease mechanisms.

  • What are the main functions of Human Alveolar Macrophages?

    The main functions of Human Alveolar Macrophages include:
    – Phagocytosis: Engulfing and digesting bacteria, viruses, and other foreign particles.
    – Cytokine Production: Secreting signaling molecules that modulate the immune response, including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
    – Antigen Presentation: Processing and presenting antigens to T cells to initiate adaptive immune responses.
    – Tissue Repair and Remodeling: Contributing to the repair of damaged lung tissue and maintaining tissue homeostasis.

  • What are the primary applications of Human Alveolar Macrophages in research?

    Human Alveolar Macrophages are used in a variety of research applications, including:
    – Studying Pulmonary Diseases: Investigating the pathogenesis of diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
    – Drug Testing and Development: Evaluating the efficacy and safety of new therapeutic agents targeting respiratory diseases.
    – Immune Response Analysis: Understanding the immune mechanisms and responses to pathogens, allergens, and pollutants.
    – Inflammation Research: Exploring the molecular pathways involved in lung inflammation and identifying potential targets for anti-inflammatory therapies.

  • Do alveolar macrophages proliferate in vitro？

    Alveolar macrophages have limited proliferative capacity in vitro. These terminally differentiated cells primarily function to defend and clear pathogens and foreign substances inhaled into the lungs. While limited proliferation can occur under specific conditions with certain growth factors or specialized culture media, they generally do not proliferate significantly. Researchers typically isolate fresh macrophages from lung tissue for experiments to ensure their functionality and activity.

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