C57BL/6 Mouse Alveolar Epithelial Cells are primary cells isolated from the lung tissue of C57BL/6 mice, comprising two subtypes: alveolar type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) epithelial cells. AT1 cells exhibit a flattened squamous morphology with thin cytoplasmic extensions, covering over 95% of the alveolar surface, while AT2 cells are cuboidal and occupy the remaining 5%. Functionally, AT1 cells mediate gas exchange and regulate fluid balance through aquaporin-dependent osmotic permeability and ion transport. Both subtypes express high levels of the ACE2 receptor, a critical entry point for SARS-CoV-2. Their physiological relevance makes them valuable for modeling alveolar-specific pathologies, including viral infections and surfactant dysfunction .
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