Human Sickle Cell Anemia Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Description

Human Sickle Cell Anemia Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) are isolated from SCA patients and consist of lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells) and monocytes that exhibit chronic activation due to sustained hemolysis and inflammation. These PBMCs demonstrate a proinflammatory phenotype, secreting elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which drive vaso-occlusive crises by activating endothelial cells and promoting leukocyte adhesion. The monocytes show increased CD16⁺ intermediate subset expansion and heightened oxidative stress (elevated ROS, MDA), while T cells display Th1/Th17 polarization with impaired regulatory T cell function. The cells also exhibit elevated DAMPs (e.g., heme, HMGB1) from chronic hemolysis, which activate TLR4/NLRP3 pathways, perpetuating inflammation. These abnormalities contribute to SCA complications, including infection susceptibility and acute chest syndrome, making SCA PBMCs valuable for studying disease mechanisms and testing anti-inflammatory therapies. In translational research, SCA PBMCs are widely used to investigate immune dysregulation and disease progression, profile adaptive and innate immune responses, and evaluate anti-inflammatory and disease-modifying therapeutic strategies in sickle cell anemia.