A549

The A549 cell line was established in 1972 from the lung adenocarcinoma of a 58-year-old Caucasian male. These hypotriploid alveolar basal epithelial cells have a modal chromosome number of 66, with occasional variations. A549 cells express keratin, synthesize lecithin, and contain unsaturated fatty acids. They are squamous and play a role in the diffusion of substances across the lung’s alveolar space. Genetically, A549 cells exhibit mutations in TP53, KRAS, and STK11, commonly associated with lung adenocarcinoma. The A549 cell line is tumorigenic, with low metastatic behavior reported in some studies. No viral infections like HPV, HIV, or EBV have been reported.